你还记得上学时你们班里那个学习最好的学霸吗?每次考完试看着自己的试卷都想哭，而学霸都是一脸不屑的表情，那么为什么学霸会成为学霸呢?今天的美森网校时尚双语系列要说的就是怎样会学习好，快来看看是怎么回事吧!

　　Smart kids tend on balance to do well in school. That may seemobvious, but there are a lot of exceptions to that rule. Some kids withhigh IQs don't ever become academic superstars, while less gifted kidsoften shine. Why would this be?

　　聪明的孩子通常在学校的各方面表现良好。那些看起来似乎是显而易见的，但对于这个规律有许多例外。一些智商高的的孩子从来没成为过学习尖子生，然而不那么有天赋的孩子却经常出色。为什么出现这种情况呢?

　　Psychologists have focused on things like self-esteem andconfidence--how good kids think they are--to explain these outcomes.And the assumption has always been that such psychological traits areshaped mostly by parenting--by parents' beliefs and expectations andmodeling. But surprisingly this idea had never been scientificallytested.

　　心理学家曾经着重于研究自尊和自信，通过孩子觉得他们怎么样的问题来解释这些结果。而且这个假设总是：这种心理上的性状大多是由家庭教育，由家长的信仰,期望和树立的榜样的影响而形成的。但令人吃惊的是这个想法从未被科学的证实过。

　　Until now. Behavioral geneticist Corina Greven of King's CollegeLondon and her colleagues decided to do the first rigorous analysis ofthe heritability of confidence--and its relationship to IQ andperformance.

　　直到现在，伦敦大学国王学院的行为遗传学家Corina Greven和她的的同事们决定做第一个严格的遗传信心的分析，以及它和智商，成绩的关系。

　　To do so, they studied more than 3700 pairs of twins, both identicaland fraternal twins, from age seven to ten. Comparing geneticallyidentical twins to non-identical siblings allows scientists to sort outthe relative contributions of genes and environment, and when they didthis they came up with surprising but unmistakable findings.

　　为了做这些，他们研究了超过3700对双胞胎，清一色的兄弟双胞胎，年龄在7到10岁之间。通过比较基因完全相同的双胞胎与不相同的兄弟姐妹，科学家理清了基因的作用和环境的关系，当他们做这些时，他们想出了令人吃惊但无误的研究结果。

　　Contrary of accepted wisdom, the researchers found (and report inthe June issue of Psychological Science) that kids' confidence isheavily influenced by heredity--at least as much as IQ is. Indeed,as-yet-unidentified confidence genes appear to influence schoolperformance independent of IQ genes, with shared environment havingonly a negligible influence.

　　同公认的智慧相反，研究者发现(并且发表在六月的心理科学杂志上)孩子的信心至少和智商一样严重的被遗传所影响，实际上，还未被识别的自信基因看起来对成绩的影响独立于智力基因，共同的成长环境只有微不足道的影响。

　　The fact that confidence is heritable does not mean it isunchanging, of course. Siblings share a lot of influences living inbasically the same home and community, but there are always worldlyinfluences pulling them apart. A genetic legacy of self-confidencemerely opens up many possible futures.

　　信心是遗传的这个事实并不意味着它是不可改变的，当然，兄弟姐妹住在基本上同一个家同一个社区，受许多同样的影响，但有些世俗的影响会把他们区分开。自信基因的传承只是开辟了许多可能的未来。

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